Since earning a medical degree and completing a residency in Psychiatry, Wayne Macfadden MD has spent nearly three decades treating patients with Substance Use and Psychiatric Disorders. Wayne Macfadden MD has also conducted several studies on the effectiveness of treatments to treat symptoms of Bipolar Disorder.
Clinically significant mood episodes are a hallmark symptom of Bipolar Disorder. People with Bipolar Disorder may shift from a depression to a manic state, which can last for weeks or months at a time.
During the manic state, people may appear more energetic, irritable, and impulsive. They may engage in risky behaviors or speak in a racing, incoherent manner. Conversely, the depressive state is characterized by sadness, fatigue, disinterest in life, and feelings of guilt or hopelessness.
On average, people with Bipolar Disorder experience at least two significant mood episodes a year. However, up to 20 percent of people with the disorder go through four or more cycles per year, which is known as Rapid Cycling Bipolar Disorder.
